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目的 To observe the impact of hydroxysafflor yellow A(HSYA)on microvessel density(MVD)of mice lung transplantation tumor and mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)so as to explore molecular mechanism of HSYA on inhibiting the tumor.方法 Sixty tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into five groups,with 12 mice in each group,namely the control group(saline group),cyclophosphamide(CTX)group(25 mg/kg),large,medium and small dose groups of HSYA(28 mg/L,56 mg/L and 112 mg/L).The mice were killed by breaking off 22 d after the treatment.Tumor tissues were taken and examined by immunohistochemical method and quantitative real-time PCR to detect expression of MVD and VEGF mRNA in each group of tumor tissue.结果 MVD of medium and small dose group of HSYA and CTX group were 30.01±3.12,22.56±2.11 and 16.21±2.40 respectively,which were significantly lower than 41.10±2.93 of the control group and 37.66±3.04 of large dose group of HSYA(χ2=3.16,P=0.07＜0.05).The difference on VEGF amplified fluorescence expression threshold of HSYA group and the control group is not significant.However,after amplification,the expression value of VEGF mRNA at small dose group of HSYA is only 0.43±0.16 which is obviously lower than 0.82±0.06 of the control group.The difference is statistically significant(F=0.77,P=0.038).结论 HSYA can significantly reduce MVD in mice Lewis lung cancer transplantation and down regulate expression of VEGF mRNA to achieve the purpose of inhibiting tumor growth.