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Aneuploidy,defined as losses or gains of individual chromosomes to the karyotype,has a greater impact on the phenotype than whole genome duplications (polyploidy) (1).This difference can be largely explained by imbalances in dosage-sensitive regulatory genes in aneuploids.Evidence from plants and mammals also indicates that aneuploid genomes-perhaps as a consequence of the regulatory gene imbalances-are intrinsically unstable,not only numerically but also structurally and epigeneticallyo The reasons for this inherent instability of aneuploid genomes are poorly understood,but they are relevant for aneuploid syndromes and human cancers.