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Complex industrial processes of operational control can be seen as two layers,namely the loop control layer in the bottom and the operational layer on the top.The former contains of loop control for each production unit and the later determines the best set-points to the control loops.In this paper,a general framework for the centralized fault detection and diagnosis of such operational control systems has been formulated with assuming that the faults only take place in the loop control layers.The advantage of such a centralized fault detection and diagnosis is that the loop control layer does not need to deal with fault detection and diagnosis using their own PLC capability as the PLC for the loop control layer has limited computational power.For this purpose,a novel model is established for the representation of the fault detection and diagnosis.Followed by the development of fault detection and diagnosis algorithm,fault diagnosis is realized using an adaptive fault diagnostic observer.The system model uncertainties are also considered.Simulation has been carried out to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.