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目前,世界所需求的稀土资源95%来自于中国,主要由中国北方高品位的大型轻稀土矿床和和南方低品位的小型重稀土矿床两大类组成。之所以出现这种看似中国垄断市场的现象,一是因为稀土矿石独居石中含有放射性元素钍(Th),美国等国家考虑到环境问题,停止了对本土稀土矿的开采,二是在其他国家停止生产,稀土元素供不应求的情况下,国内各地出现因利益驱使而滥采,不计环境后果,并相互比价的现象,以相当低的成本大量出售。虽然国内相关部门已经着手限制稀土矿的开采和
At present, 95% of the rare earth resources required by the world come from China and are mainly composed of two large categories of high-grade large-sized light rare earth deposits in northern China and low-grade small-sized heavy rare earth deposits in the south. The reason why such a monopoly market appears in China is that the monazite in rare earth ore contains thorium (Th), and the United States and other countries have stopped the exploitation of rare earth mines in the light of environmental problems. When the state stopped production and rare earth elements were in short supply, there was a phenomenon of over-exploitation due to profit-driven and irrespective of environmental consequences in various parts of the country. Although the relevant domestic departments have begun to limit the exploitation of rare earth mines and