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Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the incidence and risk factors of bacterial vaginosis among pregnant women.Material and Methods: Prospective data from a cohort of 668 pregnant women were used to identify potential risk factors for bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy by Cox proportional hazards regression.Results: A total of 204 incident cases of bacterial vaginosis were diagnosed in 274.8 woman-years of follow-up.The bacterial vaginosis incidence rate was 0.74 per 1 woman-year and median prevalence during follow-up was 15.6%.In the adjusted model,changing underwear nearly everyday,miscarriage history,urinary tract infection during follow-up,husbands education level,and concurrent trichomoniasis and candidiasis remained significantly associated with bacterial vaginosis(adjusted hazard ratio and 95%confidence interval were 1.87 [1.26–2.77]; 2.96 [1.96–4.47]; 2.41 [1.05–5.49]; 0.50 [0.32–0.77]; 1.82 [1.02–3.25]; 1.88 [1.30–2.70],respectively).Conclusion: Bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy can be affected by many factors,and some are indirectly acting factors.Further prospective studies that include a larger sample size and more information on the development of bacterial vaginosis are needed.