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Objective The survival of premature and very low birth weight infants have been obviously improved as the development of the neonatal intensive care technology.However the incidence of bronchial pulmonary dysplasia (BPD) also increases.Intrauterine infection is one of the important factors affecting the normal development of the lungs.Intrauterine infection can cause lung inflammation,which play an important roal on BPD.BPD was thought just beacause of mechanical ventilation,high concentration of oxygen therapy before, and now inflammation was the prominent feature found in new BPD which lead to impairment in lung alveolarization and aberrant microvascular.