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Evidence has shown that obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes are associated with alterations in hepatic vitamin A oxidation.In liver, retinaldehyde is converted to retinoic acid by retinaldehyde dehydrogenases (RALDHs).RALDH1 is the main isoform accounts for the hepatic RALDHs activity, which also plays significant roles in glucose and lipid metabolism in liver.The aim of this study was to evaluate whether high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and insulin resistance in C57BL/6 mice altered activity and expression of hepatic RALDHs and to find out whether inhibition of RALDHs activity through administration of citral (an inhibitor of RALDHs) can alleviate the syndrome of diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance.