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Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is a regulator of mitochondrial fission and cell death pathways.We assessed the role of Drp1 in sepsis-induced myocardial inflammation.Six hours after induction of sepsis (i.p.injection of fecal material), PMN infiltration of the myocardial interstitium was evident.This inflammatory response was ameliorated by a Drp1 inhibitor, Mdivi-1.Challenge of cardiomyocytes with septic plasma resulted in Drp1 activation and converted the cardiomyocytes to a proinflammatory phenotype (they produced and secreted the chemokines, LIX and KC);effects blunted by Mdivi-1.Collectively, these findings indicate that Drp 1 could be an effective target for treatment of sepsis.