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Objective: To determine the effects of orthognathic surgery especially mandibular retrognathia on pharyngeal airway space, respiratory function during sleep.Methods: 15 patients were analysed using a 1 night sleep study for full polysomnography (PSG) before and 1 week after operation.The monitoring indicators of PSG include AHI index, The average and lowest blood oxygen.Result: The deta showed that AHI was changed significantly after surgery, especially increase of the obstructive apnea and hypopnea; there is no significant change of the average blood oxygen.Conclusion: A large amount of mandibular setback might inhibit biological adaption and cause sleep-disordered breathing, We should control the setback in an suitable distance to prevent the obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).