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Accurately quantifying nerve axonal degeneration and regeneration is of critical importance in spinal cord injury reha-bilitation.Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a novel and non-invasive magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technology to characterize the structural integrity of white matter structure of the central nervous system (CNS) at microscopic level.Although DTI has been widely used in brain mapping and diagnosis,it is only recently that DTI is gaining popularity in studying the spinal cord,one key component of the CNS (Cohen-Adad and Wheeler-Kingshott,2014).The goal of the present study was to explore the application of DTI in evaluating microstructural change within spinal cord during the reha-bilitation after spinal cord injury (SCI).