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Removable inferior vena cava filters (IVCFs) for temporary protection from pulmonary embolism (PE) was first proposed in 1967 but it took nearly 3 decades before nonpermanent IVCFs were approved for on-label use in the U.S..The US Food & Drug Administration approved the instructions for use of three existing permanent filters to allow percutaneous retrieval.As a result of the retrievable nature of these IVCFs, there has developed a considerable interest in their use.