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Several years ago, two cherry small circular RNAs (cscRNA1 and cscRNA2) and 10-12 double stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) of presumable viral origin were identified in sweet and sour cherry plants grown in Italy.These RNAs were found to be closely associated to a disease termed cherry chlorotic rusty spot (CCRS).The Italian CCRS disease is-symptomatologically very similar to the Amasya cherry disease (ACD) described previously in Turkey, and both diseases have been closely associated with similar mycelium-like structures and with double-stranded (ds) RNAs of mycoviruses from the genera Chrysovirus, Partitivirus and Totivirus.