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四川藏区是多民族聚居地,也是地质灾害多发地带,城市发展长期受到自然环境的影响。原乡土著在长期的生活经验中积累了应对自然灾害的应对机制,包括围绕着寺庙发展、建筑防震等。自18世纪以来中央政权加强对四川藏区的统治后,四川藏区城市受到内地文化更多的影响,在这一过程中城市以更积极主动的方式迎接地质灾害的挑战,而受汉地影响更大的康定表现出与其他藏区城市不同的应对方式,如迁移城市,建筑上用木结构穿斗房取代部分碉房,改变城市空间形态等。文章通过分析18~20世纪康定城在地质灾害后的城市发展过程,反映现代化过程中民族城市针对地质灾害的应对方式的变迁。
The Tibetan areas in Sichuan are multi-ethnic settlements and are also frequent areas for geological disasters. Urban development has long been affected by the natural environment. Native natives have accumulated response mechanisms to natural disasters in long-term life experience, including revolving around temples and building earthquake-proofing. Since the central government strengthened the rule of Tibetan areas in Sichuan in the 18th century, the cities in the Tibetan areas of Sichuan Province have been more influenced by the mainland culture. In this process, the cities are more proactive in meeting the challenge of geological disasters and are affected by the Chinese The larger Kangding shows different coping styles with other Tibetan cities, such as the relocation of cities, the replacement of some towers with wooden structures and dwelling houses, and the alteration of urban spatial forms. By analyzing the urban development process of Kangding City after geological disasters during the 18th and 20th centuries, this article reflects the changes of the response ways of the national cities to the geological disasters in the process of modernization.