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Mercury concentration in plant can be greatly increased after thiosulphate treatment.However,the mechanism of mercury uptake by plant was unknown.We used X-ray absorption near edge structure(XANES)and the synchrotron based X-ray fluoresce(SR-XRF)technique to investigate the speciation and location of mercury in the tissue of Indian mustard.The XANESs results indicate that majority of mercury in the root and aboveground tissue of thiosulphate treated plants was in a form similar with β-HgS,and the residual mercury was similar with Hg-cysteine and Hg-dicysteine.The SR-XRFs results showed that the higher intensities of mercury were found in thiosulphate treated plant compared to the control.In the root and stem section,mercury was mainly distributed in the xylem and vascular bundle respectively.This evidence suggest that the thiosulphate can induce mercury transportation into xylem of root and moved into aboveground tissue through vascular bundle.In the tissue of plant,mercury was stored as very stable forms.