【摘 要】
：
Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori, a Gram-negative gastric pathogen designated as a Class Ⅰ carcinogen, is a major risk for stomach cancer in humans.Gastric cancers, and in particular gastric
【机 构】
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Department of Pathology University of Illinois Urbana, IL USA
【出 处】
：
BIT‘s2nd Annual World Cancer Congess-2009 (2009第二届癌症大会)
论文部分内容阅读
Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori, a Gram-negative gastric pathogen designated as a Class Ⅰ carcinogen, is a major risk for stomach cancer in humans.Gastric cancers, and in particular gastric adenocarcinomas, are a global biomedical problem and economic burden, and are estimated to be the fourth most common cancer and the second most common cause of neoplastic-related deaths.However, the factors most important for influencing whether chronic H.pylori infection remains sub-clinical or, alternatively, progresses to one of several disease states, remain poorly defined.To evaluate the specific contributions of H.pylori to the distribution and severity of gastric inflammation believed to be a key contributor to the development of gastric cancer, we have evaluated the molecular mechanisms underlying H.pylori mediated alterations to the gastric mucosa.Our studies indicate important roles for several bacterial virulence factors in remodeling of host tissue physiology during chronic infection.Recently, we found that CagA, an intracellular-acting H.pylori protein effector, activates a cell-signaling pathway that may be associated with intestinal metaplasia, a pre-neoplastic lesion that sometimes precedes adenocarcinoma.Moreover, we have determined that the vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) specifically modulates mitochondrial function within gastric epithelial cells as a strategy for manipulating the balance between apoptotic cell death pathways and autophagic cell survival pathways.In addition to bacterial factors, polymorphisms in host genes that modulate inflammatory damage and environmental variables, such as diet, may also influence the risk of cancer development.Current and future research efforts to define the full risk profile for H.pylori-associated gastric cancer are critical for improving treatment options and clinical outcomes.
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