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化学实验能力是化学教学中应该对学生进行重点培养的内容。它不仅能帮助学生深刻充分地掌握化学原理,获得探求化学知识的本领,而且是进行创造发明的基本功。研究和培养初中学生的实验能力,对于扭转“高分低能”局面,切实提高化学教学质量,具有特殊重要的意义。一、初中化学实验能力的基本要求初中化学实验能力的要求在教学大纲中已有规定。笔者认为,它主要包括实验操作、实验观察、实验记录和实验设计等方面。实验能力是一种知识与技能“交合”、手和脑“并用”的能力。实验能力的内容可以表示如下:
The ability of chemistry experiment is the focus of the students in chemistry teaching. It not only helps students master the principles of chemistry profoundly and fully, but also acquires the ability to seek knowledge of chemistry, and it is the basic skill for creating inventions. Researching and cultivating junior high school students’ experimental ability is of special significance for reversing the “high scores and low energy” situation and effectively improving the quality of chemistry teaching. First, the basic requirements of junior high school chemistry experiment ability The junior high school chemistry experiment ability request has already stipulated in the syllabus. The author believes that it mainly includes experimental operations, experimental observations, experimental records and experimental design. Experimental ability is the ability to “knit together” knowledge and skills, and “use” both hands and brain. The content of experimental capabilities can be expressed as follows: