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冰雪水样中主要的离子是HCO_3~-、C1~-、SO_4~(2-)、 Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、K~+、Na~+七个。但含量很低,以上七个离子总计一般为20—200毫克/升左右,这给分析带来了一定的困难。分析这些离子我们采用的是中国土壤学会土壤农化分析专业委员会编写的《土壤常规分析方法》和地质科学研究院水文地质研究所编写的《天然水的分析方法》二书中所选用的方法,即HC0_3~-用双指示剂中和滴定法,Cl~-用硝酸汞滴定法,SO_4~(2-)、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)用EDTA滴定法,K~+ 、Na~+用火焰光度计法。为了减少分析误差以提高精度,我们采取了如下措施:
The main ions in ice and snow water samples are HCO_3 ~ -, C1 ~ -, SO_4 ~ (2-), Ca ~ (2 +), Mg ~ (2 +), K ~ +, Na ~ +. But the content is very low, the above seven ions are generally about 20-200 mg / l, which brings certain difficulties to the analysis. For the analysis of these ions, we used the method selected from the book Soil Routine Analysis Method by Soil and Soil Chemical Society of China and the Natural Water Analysis Method by Institute of Hydrogeology, Institute of Geology, That is, HC0_3 ~ - with dual indicator neutralization titration, Cl ~ - with mercury nitrate titration, SO_4 ~ (2 -), Ca ~ (2 +), Mg ~ , Na ~ + flame photometer method. In order to reduce the analysis error to improve the accuracy, we have taken the following measures: