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利用白桦分布区6个点的材料,采用方差分析和最小显著全距测验等方法,对白桦产地间、产地内、林分间、林分内个体间的木材纤维特性、生长特性的遗传差异进行了初步研究。研究结果表明:白桦木材纤维特性各层次的遗传差异显著,同一年龄阶段的产地间,同一产地的年龄间,个体间纤维长、纤维宽、纤维长宽比等,均达到了显著或极显著水平;年龄愈大,差异愈大,其中以小兴安岭的铁力产地纤维最长、最宽、长宽比最大,其分别超出凉水产地的38.69％、33.41％和43.91％(产地间),61.77％、44.26％和63.71％(产地内年龄间);生长特性在产地间、林分间、个体间三个层次上都达到了极显著的差异水平,个体间的差异最大,在最佳产地的最佳林分中选择最佳个体的遗传增益为107.24％。
The genetic differences of wood fiber characteristics and growth characteristics among the provenances of birch, the place of production, the intercropping, and the stand of the birch were studied by using the method of variance analysis and the least significant full-distance test with the material of 6 points in the distribution area of Betula platyphylla A preliminary study. The results showed that the genetic diversity of birch wood fiber was significant at all levels, with significant or extremely significant differences among the producing areas, the age of the same producing area, the individual fiber length, the fiber width and the fiber aspect ratio in the same age stage ; The older, the greater the difference. Among them, Xiaoxing’anling has the longest, widest and the longest aspect ratio of fiber in the origin, which are 38.69%, 33.41% and 43.91% (producing area) and 61.77% 44.26% and 63.71%, respectively. The growth characteristics reached extremely significant differences at the three levels of origin, stand and individual, with the largest difference among the individuals, the best in the best producing areas The genetic gain of the best individual in the stand was 107.24%.