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城市住房问题需要国家干预,但干预政策也会有失灵风险,巴西的经验鲜明地体现了这一点。虽然在城市化各阶段,面对城市住房问题,巴西分别采取了有针对性的住房卫生政策、住房公共政策、乃至住房社会政策,但住房政策失灵现象一直都比较严重。巴西住房政策干预之所以长期失灵,根本原因在于其建国以来一直存在的经济、政治和国际等方面的“三座大山”。巴西个案对中国城镇化及解决住房问题有着重要的启示。
Urban housing issues require state intervention, but there is also the risk of failure of intervention policies, as evident from Brazil’s experience. Although in various stages of urbanization, in the face of urban housing problems, Brazil has adopted targeted housing health policies, public housing policies and even housing social policies, respectively, but housing policy failures have always been serious. The reason for the long-term failure of housing policy intervention in Brazil lies essentially in the three major economic, political and international “mountain areas” that have existed since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. The case of Brazil has important implications for China’s urbanization and housing solutions.