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几乎所有生物的细胞内都含有一定量的铁。通常它们主要以Fe~(2+)和Fe~(3+)的形式存在于含铁酶中。在细胞内,由铁催化的反应主要包括:DNA合成、ATP生成、某些无机及有机物的氧化、分子氧的歧化及活化以及在细胞氧化还原反应中电子的转移等。在细胞发育不同阶段,细胞对铁的摄入受到严格控制,以防止铁在细胞内蓄积。在有氧条件下,Fe~(3+)可通过Fe~(3+)与Fe~(2+)的氧化—还原,生成具有很强活性的羟自由基(OH),导致对生物膜的脂质
Almost all living cells contain a certain amount of iron. Usually, they are mainly present in iron-containing enzymes in the form of Fe 2+ and Fe 3+. Within the cell, reactions catalyzed by iron mainly include: DNA synthesis, ATP generation, oxidation of certain inorganic and organic compounds, disproportionation and activation of molecular oxygen, and electron transfer in cell redox reactions. At various stages of cell development, cellular uptake of iron is tightly controlled to prevent accumulation of iron in the cell. Under aerobic conditions, Fe ~ (3+) can generate highly active hydroxyl radicals (OH) through oxidation-reduction of Fe ~ (3+) and Fe ~ (2+) Lipids