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目的了解深圳市新生儿听力筛查情况及先天性听力障碍发病情况。方法2004-2008年,用耳声发射(OAE)与快速听性脑干反应(AABR)技术对深圳市出生的13652名新生儿进行听力筛查。对其中4732名新生儿进行先天性听力障碍危险因素调查。结果新生儿听力筛查初筛通过率为87.7%,复筛率为59.6%,复筛通过率为83.6%;生后3d筛查组(A组)初筛的通过率为82%,低于生后30d组(B组)的94%,生后30d组复筛通过率为63%,低于生后3d组的85%(P<0.001);高胆红素血症、先天性耳廓及外耳道畸形、先兆流产史是先天性听力障碍的危险因素。结论对新生儿应常规进行听力筛查,将有高危因素的患儿列为重点筛查对象,作到早发现、早治疗。
Objective To understand the neonatal hearing screening and the incidence of congenital hearing disorders in Shenzhen. Methods From 2004 to 2008, 13 652 newborns born in Shenzhen were subjected to hearing screening with otoacoustic emission (OAE) and rapid auditory brainstem response (AABR). Among them, 4732 newborns were investigated for the risk factors of congenital hearing loss. Results The screening rate of neonatal hearing screening was 87.7%, the rate of screening was 59.6%, and the rate of screening was 83.6%. The pass rate of screening in group A was 82% 94% of the 30 days after birth (group B), 63% after 30 days of life, which was lower than 85% of the 3 days after birth (P <0.001); hyperbilirubinemia, congenital auricle And external auditory canal malformations, threatened abortion history is a risk factor for congenital hearing disorders. Conclusion Newborns should routinely carry out hearing screening, and children with high risk factors should be selected as the key screening target for early detection and early treatment.