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网络安全议题是中美关系中新出现的一个难点。2010年以来,该问题对中美关系的破坏性不断上升,最终引起了两国最高决策层的关注。作为中美关系中的一个新议题,网络安全议题体现出中美两国在政治、军事、经济和国际治理等领域上的现实分歧。其发展演变有着危机驱动、对立逐步加深等特点。虽然双方都积极推进网络安全合作,但不足以对冲危机事件产生的负面影响。2015年,在危机及对话机制中断的影响下,中美在网络安全领域的矛盾达到有史以来最紧张的时期。习近平主席2015年9月访美及相关活动为中美解决和管控网络安全议题打开了机会之窗,并建立起一系列更有效的双边渠道。双方的紧张态势有显著下降,合作意愿显著上升。网络安全是中国崛起势头强劲、中美关系进入新时期下出现的一个典型性问题,可能对中美处理两国之间一些新的棘手问题带来启示。两国应充分学习网络安全互动的历史经验,促使该问题走上良性轨道,预防类似问题再次冲击中美关系的稳定。
The issue of cybersecurity is a new and difficult issue in Sino-U.S. Relations. Since 2010, the destructive nature of the issue on Sino-U.S. Relations has been on the rise and eventually caught the attention of the top two decision-makers of both countries. As a new issue in Sino-U.S. Relations, the cybersecurity issue reflects the real differences between China and the United States in such fields as politics, military affairs, economy and international governance. Its development and evolution have crisis-driven and gradually deepened antagonism. Although both sides are actively promoting cyber security cooperation, they are not enough to hedge against the negative impact of the crisis. In 2015, under the influence of the crisis and the disruption of the dialogue mechanism, the contradiction between China and the United States in the field of cybersecurity reached its most intense period ever. President Xi Jinping’s visit to the United States in September 2015 and related activities opened the window of opportunity for the Sino-U.S. settlement and control of cybersecurity issues and established a series of more effective bilateral channels. The tension on both sides has dropped significantly, and the willingness to cooperate has risen markedly. Cybersecurity is a typical issue that emerged in the wake of the strong rise of China and the entry of Sino-U.S. Relations into the new era. It may bring enlightenment to the handling of some new and delicate issues between the two countries. Both countries should fully learn the historical experience of interaction in cybersecurity so as to push the issue onto a sound track and prevent similar problems from attacking the stability of Sino-U.S. Relations once again.