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为了探讨去势对不同月龄雌性大鼠体质量、骨密度、组织病理学的影响，以便选用恰当月龄的大鼠复制绝经后骨质疏松的动物模型。本研究选用3、6、12月龄的SD雌性大鼠共48只，每月龄组16只，均分成A、B两组，A组为对照组，B组为去势组。分别于术后6、12周测量体质量、腰椎和股骨的骨密度及组织病理学观察。结果发现3月龄的去势级大鼠的体质量增加尤为明显，3、6月龄大鼠的去势组较对照组在去势后6、12周骨密度均有显著性差异（P＜0．001），组织病理学观察去势组骨小梁稀疏，皮质骨变薄，骨髓腔扩大；而12月龄的大鼠骨密度改变不显著。结论：绝经后骨质疏松模型复制大鼠的年龄是6月龄为佳，3～6月龄亦可选用，12月龄以后不适宜选择。
In order to investigate the effects of castration on body weight, bone mineral density and histopathology in female rats of different months, an appropriate animal model of postmenopausal osteoporosis was reproduced in rats of the right age. In this study, 48 female SD rats of 3, 6, and 12 months old were selected, and 16 of them were divided into A and B groups. A group was control group and B group was castration group. Body mass, lumbar and femur bone mineral density and histopathology were measured at 6 and 12 weeks after operation respectively. The results showed that the body weight of the 3-month-old rats was significantly higher than that of the control group at 6 and 12 weeks after castration (P < 0.001). Histopathology showed that trabecular bone was sparse, cortical bone was thinner and bone marrow cavity was enlarged in the castration group. However, the BMD in 12-month-old rats did not change significantly. CONCLUSION: The age of 6-month-old rats with postmenopausal osteoporosis model replication is better, 3-6 months old can also be used, 12 months after the inappropriate choice.