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施工现场平整时,首先遇到的问题是计算设计场地平整标高,算出填、挖方工程量。最理想的设计标高,是不用在其他地方取土或弃土就能达到场内填挖方量平衡。通常标高计算用角点法、填挖方量计算则有方格网法和断面法两种。其计算都必须有地形图或足够的测量标高点,还都必须先绘图后计算。本文介绍一种简单的用分块丈量面积和相对高差、以面积加权计算平整标高和填挖方量的方法,方便易行。具体步骤如下: 1 将基本上是同一标高或容易换算成同一标高的地段划分为一个单元。其大小不限。将各单元顺序编号为1、2、3……。按其形状丈量计算其面积F_i。 2 选某单元的面积F_0作为基本面积。令其面积倍数为1(即权数为1)则:
When the construction site is leveled, the first problem encountered is that the design site should be leveled and the filling and excavation work volume should be calculated. The most ideal design elevation is to balance the volume of filling and excavation in the field without taking soil or spoil in other places. In general, the calculation of the elevation using the corner point method and the filling and excavation volume calculation are square grid method and section method. All calculations must have a topographic map or sufficient measurement elevations, and they must all be calculated after the drawing. This article describes a simple method to measure the area and relative height difference of a block, calculate the leveling height and fill the amount of excavation by area weighting, which is convenient and easy. The specific steps are as follows: 1 The section that is basically the same elevation or easily converted to the same elevation is divided into one unit. Its size is not limited. Each unit is sequentially numbered 1, 2, 3,... Calculate its area F_i according to its shape measurement. 2 Select the area of a unit F_0 as the base area. Let its area multiple be 1 (that is, the weight is 1):