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很多古汉语知识与现代汉语相比,都有相同或相似之处。这里避开完全相同的不谈,只就古代汉语与现代汉语存在一定差异,但又可以从现代汉语的成语和少数句子中能找到相似点的问题谈谈。 在教学使动用法和意动用法时,可先出示中学生熟悉的句子:没有月光的晚上,这路上阴森森的,有些怕人。”“有些怕人”即“使人有些害怕。”像现代汉语一般短语中的“巩固国防”、“方便群众”、“端汇态度”、“密切关系”,成语中的“惊天动地”、“丧权辱国”、“富国强兵”、“丰衣足食”等,它们的动词对宾语都有“使它怎么样”或“让它怎么样”之类的意思,都是使动用法。接着讲清使动用法的含义,
Many ancient Chinese knowledge has the same or similar features as modern Chinese. There is a certain difference between ancient Chinese and modern Chinese in avoiding the exact same discourse, but it can be said that similar points can be found in the idioms and few sentences of modern Chinese. In the teaching of usage and intentional usage, you can present the middle school students familiar sentences: the moonless night, the road is gloomy, and some are afraid of people. “Some people are afraid of people” that “makes people scared.” “Consolidate national defense”, “convenient for the masses”, “attitudes of terminating exchanges”, “close relations” in the general phrase of modern Chinese, and “impending heaven”, “reproaching power, insulting the country,” “rich countries, strong soldiers,” “flourishing clothes and food” in idioms, etc. Their verbs have meanings such as “how to make it” or “how to make it” for the object, both of which make use of it, and then clarify the meaning of the use of the act,