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本文以人工林和天然次生林两类群落类型为研究对象,按生态恢复所经历的时间,把群落年龄归为A1、A2、A3和A4四个阶段。通过对两种生态恢复过程中群落α多样性动态变化规律的研究发现;(1)自然演替状态下,乔木层多样性变化不大,A1～A3阶段的灌木层多样性大于A4阶段。A1和A4阶段,草本层的多样性明显比A2～A3阶段大;A1～A3阶段人工林灌木层和草本层多样性有逐渐增大的趋势,到A3阶段人工林群落还没有达到稳定状态;(2)A1阶段天然林灌木层物种多样性大于人工林,随着演替的进行两者逐渐趋于一致;A1阶段天然次生林草本层多样性远大于人工林,从A2阶段开始人工林草本层多样性反而超过天然次生林。
In this paper, two types of plantations and natural secondary forests were selected as the research objects. According to the time of ecological restoration, the community ages were classified into four stages A1, A2, A3 and A4. The results showed that: (1) Under the natural succession, the diversity of arborous layer changed little, while the diversity of shrub layer in stage A1 ~ A3 was greater than that of A4. In A1 and A4, the diversity of herb layer was obviously larger than that in A2 ~ A3. The diversity of shrub layer and herb layer in plantations of A1 ~ A3 tended to increase gradually, and the plantation community did not reach the stable state in A3. (2) The species diversity of natural forest and shrub layer in stage A1 was greater than that of plantation forest, and gradually became consistent with the succession of stage A. The diversity of grassland layer in natural secondary forest in stage A1 was much larger than that in artificial forest. Diversity instead surpasses natural secondary forests.