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目的了解医院医护人员工作倦怠与生活质量的关系,为采取干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法对在广东省东莞市抽取的4所镇区二级医院的381名医护人员进行问卷调查。结果医护人员马斯勒职业倦怠问卷(MBI-HSS)中情感衰竭、去个性化和成就感维度得分分别为(17.06±10.30)、(4.83±3.18)和(33.6±29.81)分,其中医生的得分分别为(17.10±11.76)、(5.26±4.76)和(32.82±10.96)分,与护士的(17.01±10.90)、(4.44±3.79)和(34.32±10.66)分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);医护人员生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOLI-74)中躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能和物质生活维度得分分别为(68.76±12.43)、(64.88±13.35)、(63.97±10.51)和(65.44±11.91)分;医生躯体功能和心理功能维度得分以及经济状况、睡眠与精力、躯体不适感、进食功能、性功能、精神紧张度、负性情感、正性情感、认知功能、自尊因子得分均高于护士(P<0.05);医护人员工作倦怠中情感衰竭得分与生活质量中总体生活质量因子、社会功能维度及其5个因子得分均呈负相关关系(P<0.01);工作倦怠中去人格化维度得分与生活质量中总体生活质量因子、躯体功能维度的运动与感觉功能因子、社会功能维度及其5个因子得分均呈负相关关系(P<0.05);工作倦怠中成就感维度得分与总体生活质量因子、社会功能维度及其5个因子得分均呈正相关关系(P<0.01),与生活质量中物质生活维度及其生活环境因子得分均呈负相关关系(P<0.05)。结论医护人员的工作倦怠主要影响其社会功能的生活质量。
Objective To understand the relationship between job burnout and quality of life of hospital staff and provide reference for the intervention. Methods A total of 381 medical staff from 4 township level secondary hospitals in Dongguan City, Guangdong Province were surveyed by cluster random sampling method. Results The scores of emotional exhaustion, personalization and accomplishment in the Masurian Job Burnout Questionnaire (MBI-HSS) were (17.06 ± 10.30), (4.83 ± 3.18) and (33.6 ± 29.81) points, respectively The score was (17.10 ± 11.76), (5.26 ± 4.76) and (32.82 ± 10.96) points, respectively. There was no significant difference between the nurses and the nurses (17.01 ± 10.90), (4.44 ± 3.79) and (34.32 ± 10.66) (P> 0.05). The body function, psychological function, social function and physical life dimension in the QOL-74 questionnaire were 68.76 ± 12.43 and 64.88 ± 13.35 respectively, 63.97 ± 10.51) and (65.44 ± 11.91) respectively. Physicians’ scores of physical and psychological function dimensions, economic status, sleep and energy, physical discomfort, eating function, sexual function, stress, negative emotion, Cognitive function and self-esteem were significantly higher than those of nurses (P <0.05). The score of emotional exhaustion in job burnout among health care workers was negatively correlated with overall quality of life, social function and five factors <0.01); job burnout to personality dimension and quality of life There was a negative correlation between the scores of total quality of life (QOL), physical motor function and sensory factor, social function dimension and their five factors (P <0.05), job satisfaction score and overall quality of life factor (P <0.01). There was a negative correlation between social function dimensions and scores of five factors (P <0.01), negative correlations with material life dimensions and living environment factors (P <0.05). Conclusion The job burnout of medical staff mainly affects the quality of life of their social functions.