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管理现象在人类社会生活中的存在,并不像当代不少专著中所指明的那样,仅仅是二、三百年的事,甚至也不是两、三千年,它几乎与人类生产活动的出现一样源远。只要有一些人在从事劳动,都必然会有管理相伴随;而且管理行为远远不只限于生产劳动的范围,而是人类一切有组织活动的一个必不可少的组成部分。这种现象起源于人类社会成员劳动的社会性及其在劳动和社会生活中互相交往的必然性。人们为了生存,需要有效地和大自然作斗争,创造适合人们生存的条件,因而就必须组成群体,共同劳动。在群体中,总是要有首领、有组织、有分工……对群体的管理也就应运而生了。可以说,管理与人类社会同时并存,是人类社会一项最基本的活动。
The existence of management phenomena in the social life of mankind does not, as pointed out in many monographs of contemporary times, only take two to three centuries, or even two or three thousand years. It is almost as much like the emergence of human activities far. As long as some people are engaged in labor, they all inevitably have management accompanied. Far from being limited to the scope of productive labor, it is an indispensable part of all organized activities of mankind. This phenomenon originated from the sociality of the labor of human members and the inevitability of their interaction in the labor and social life. In order to survive, people need to effectively fight nature and create conditions suitable for their survival. Therefore, they must form groups and work together. In a group, there must always be a leader, organized, and a division of labor. The management of the group also came into being. It can be said that the coexistence of management and human society is one of the most basic activities of human society.