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目的分析宁波市甲型病毒性肝炎流行特征和发病趋势,为今后的防治工作提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对1991～2006年宁波市甲肝疫情资料统计分析。结果宁波市甲肝发病率从1991年的154.39/10万下降到2006年的4.12/10万,江东区年均发病率最高(60.06/10万);全年各月均有发病,存在春、秋季两个高峰;发病数前三位的职业是农民、工人和学生;男女比例为1.76:1。16年来0～19岁发病下降99%以上,平均发病年龄推迟约16岁。结论宁波市16年甲肝报告发病率显著下降,今后在进一步提高儿童甲肝疫苗接种率的同时,要加强流动人口较多的地区的防治措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and trend of hepatitis A virus in Ningbo and provide the basis for future prevention and treatment. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of hepatitis A in Ningbo City from 1991 to 2006. Results The incidence of hepatitis A in Ningbo dropped from 154.39 / 100 000 in 1991 to 4.12 / 100 000 in 2006, the highest average annual incidence was 60.06 / 100 000 in Jiangdong District. Two peaks. The top three occupations were peasants, workers and students. The ratio of males to females was 1.76: 1. The incidence of 0 ~ 19 years old dropped by more than 99% in 16 years and the average age of onset was delayed by about 16 years. Conclusion The reported incidence of hepatitis A in Ningbo decreased significantly in 16 years. In the future, to further increase the vaccination rate of hepatitis A in children, we should strengthen the prevention and control measures in areas with high floating population.