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线性构造是断层等构造活动在地貌演化过程中产生的痕迹,具有判断及指示构造几何特征的重要意义。文中提供了一套较为完整的线性构造提取与分析的方法:首先以数字高程模型为基础,经一系列前期处理后利用已有遥感影像处理软件PCI Geomatica提取线性构造,最后通过Arc GIS、Rocscience等统计分析线性构造特征。西藏地区的线性构造在不同构造单元变化明显,其中古特提斯沉积岩带,和藏北湖区虽都以近东西向线性构造为主,但前者南北向线性构造较后者发育;温泉出露众多的冈底斯岩浆岩带则以近南北向的线性构造为主。不同规模、不同走向的线性构造将西藏丰富的地表水与地下水、冷水与地热水、淡水与咸水联系起来,形成独具特色的西藏水资源。
The linear structure is the trace of the tectonic activity such as faults in the evolution of the terrain. It has the important meaning of judging and indicating the geometric features of the structure. In this paper, we provide a complete set of methods to extract and analyze linear structures. Firstly, based on the digital elevation model, a series of pre-processing methods are used to extract the linear structure using the existing remote sensing image processing software PCI Geomatica. Finally, Arc GIS, Rocscience, Statistical analysis of linear tectonic features. The linear tectonics in Tibet have obvious changes in different tectonic units. The ancient Tethyan sedimentary belt and the Tibet Lake are dominated by the near east-west linear structure, but the former is more linear in the north and south than the latter. The Gangdise magmatic belt is dominated by near-north-south linear structures. The linear structure of different scales and different directions connects Tibet’s abundant surface and groundwater, cold and geothermal water, freshwater and salt water, forming a unique water resource in Tibet.