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基于岩石能量交换原理和3种不同卸荷路径下(恒轴压卸围压、加轴压卸围压、轴压围压同时卸载)卸围压(初始围压为10 MPa、20 MPa、30 MPa)试验,研究卸荷条件下岩石轴向吸收应变能、环向扩容消耗应变能、弹性应变能以及耗散能的演化特征与演化速率。研究结果表明,3个方案中,岩石轴向吸收的应变能主要转化为环向扩容消耗应变能,扩容程度为:方案3>方案1>方案2,而转化为耗散能较少,只有在临近破坏时耗散能才明显增加。初始围压对轴向应变能、环向扩容消耗应变能及弹性应变能的影响程度明显大于卸载路径,且都随着初始围压的增大呈近似线性增加。卸载路径和初始围压对耗散能有显著的影响。三个方案中应变能的演化速率均随着初始围压的增大而增加,初始围压对应变能演化速率的影响与卸载路径有关。
Based on the principle of rock energy exchange and the unloading confining pressure under three different unloading paths (constant pressure unloading and unloading, unloading and unloading of shaft pressure), the initial confining pressure is 10 MPa, 20 MPa and 30 MPa) tests were conducted to study the axial absorbed strain energy, the strain energy of circular expansion, the elastic strain energy and the evolution characteristics and evolution rate of dissipation energy under unloading conditions. The results show that among the three schemes, the strain energy absorbed by the rock in the axial direction can be mainly converted into the strain energy consumed in the circumferential expansion, and the degree of expansion is: Scenario 3> Scenario 1> Scenario 2 and less energy dissipation, Dissipation energy is significantly increased near the destruction. The effect of initial confining pressure on axial strain energy, circular strain energy and strain energy of elastic expansion is obviously greater than that of unloading path, and both increase linearly with initial confining pressure. The unloading path and initial confining pressure have a significant impact on dissipative energy. The evolution rate of strain energy in the three schemes increases with the increase of initial confining pressure. The influence of initial confining pressure on the evolution rate of strain energy is related to the unloading path.