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编者按中国近代企业是指晚清至中华人民共和国成立前国人所办的机械化工业企业,也包括航运、金融商贸等近代非工业企业。清朝末期,中国近代工商业开始萌芽。1840~1842年和1856~1860年的两次鸦片战争,1894年的中日甲午海战和1900年的八国联军入侵,腐败愚昧的清皇朝统治下的中国均遭惨败,割地赔款,丧权辱国。在此国难当头之时,一大批中华民族的精英,挺身而出,
Editor’s note: Modern Chinese enterprises refer to the mechanized industrial enterprises run by the foreigners before the founding of the People’s Republic of China from the late Qing Dynasty to the People’s Republic of China, as well as modern non-industrial enterprises such as shipping and financial commerce. In the late Qing Dynasty, China’s modern business and industry began to sprout. The two opium wars from 1840 to 1842 and from 1856 to 1860, the Sino-Japanese naval battle of 1894-1894 and the Allied Forces of the Eight Great Powers in 1900, and the corrupt and stupid Qing under the rule of China all suffered fiasco, ceded land compensation and indemnified and humiliated China. In the midst of this national crisis, a large number of elites of the Chinese nation came forward,