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黑格尔的辩证法遭到人们误解的地方正是其具有划时代意义的地方。本文从著名的、也可以说是整个黑格尔哲学之导论与先声的《精神现象学》序言入手,着重于分析其中的“直接性”概念,对黑格尔的辩证法给出新的诠释和理解。黑格尔的辩证法首先不单纯是一种思维方式或哲学方法,而且就是实在事物本身的原初结构,具有存在论的意义。然而,黑格尔的辩证法也不是一种教条化的三一式结构,或所谓的否定辩证法,更是一种直接性。黑格尔的辩证法虽然大大超越了笛卡尔传统和主体形而上学,然而却又以某种方式回归这一传统。本文的后半部分即试图以当代哲学的思想视阈对黑格尔辩证法及其真理观的这一缺陷做出新的阐释与分析。
Hegel’s dialectics has been misunderstood where it is its epoch-making place. This article starts from the preface of “Phenomenology of Phenomenology”, which is famous and can be said to be the introduction and forerunner of Hegel’s philosophy all over the world. It focuses on the analysis of the concept of “immediacy” in it and gives a new meaning to Hegel’s dialectics Interpretation and understanding. Hegel’s dialectics is not merely a way of thinking or philosophy at first, but also the original structure of the real thing itself, with the meaning of ontology. However, Hegel’s dialectics is not a dogmatic Trinity-type structure, or so-called negative dialectics. It is even more direct. Although Hegel’s dialectics far surpassed the Cartesian and subjective metaphysics, it returned in some way to this tradition. The second half of this article attempts to make a new explanation and analysis of the defects of Hegelian dialectics and its truth view from the perspective of contemporary philosophy.