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进入壁垒低,又缺乏退出机制,不能实现优胜劣汰,当市场需求发生变化时,势必导致行业产能过剩。由于施工企业不直接面对消费市场,没有产品定价权,同时供需平衡的产值基本由国家的基建投资和房地产开发企业投资决定,且当年的竣工产值基本由前一年的新签合同额决定,因此,判断行业产能是否过剩的常用指标如产能利用率,企业存货水平等,基本不适用于建筑业。目前,对于建筑业产能过剩的判断指标还没取得共识,对建筑业产能过剩的定量分析、过剩程度的判断存在较大困难,笔者通过考察施工企业数量变化、行业产值利润率、行业市场集中度、行业竞争格局等指标,间接地从定性的角度对建筑业产能及过剩情况进行研究。
Entry barriers are low, and lack of exit mechanism, can not be achieved survival of the fittest, when the market demand changes, it is bound to lead to industry overcapacity. As construction enterprises do not directly face the consumer market, there is no product pricing power, while the balance between supply and demand output is basically determined by the state’s investment in infrastructure and real estate development enterprises. The final output value of the year was basically determined by the new contract amount of the previous year, Therefore, to judge whether the industry’s excess capacity of commonly used indicators such as capacity utilization, inventory levels of enterprises, the basic does not apply to the construction industry. At present, there is no consensus on the indicators of overcapacity in the construction industry. There is great difficulty in quantitative analysis of overcapacity in the construction industry and judgments of the excess degree. The author examines the changes in the number of construction enterprises, the industry output profit rate, , Industry competition pattern and other indicators, indirectly from a qualitative perspective of the construction industry capacity and excess research.