【摘 要】
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Dear Editor,Macrophages play a key role in maintaining homeostasis and in mounting competent immune responses.Upon stimulation,one of the key effector functions
【机 构】
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Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China“,”Beijin
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Dear Editor,Macrophages play a key role in maintaining homeostasis and in mounting competent immune responses.Upon stimulation,one of the key effector functions of activated macrophages is production of inflammatory cytokines including interieukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 12 (IL-12).IL-6 and IL-12 are important for transition from innate to adaptive immunity,and thus essential for host defense against multiple pathogens (Kishimoto,2005;Trinchieri,2003).However,over-production of IL-6 and IL-12 contributes to a number of human autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis (Neurath,2014).Thus,the production of IL-6 and IL-12 is tightly controlled by various negative regulatory mechanisms at multiple levels targeting upstream signaling pathways,sequence-specific transcription factors,epigenetic modifications,as well as post-transcriptional steps (Lyakh et al.,2008).
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