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目的调查一起学校胃肠道疾病暴发疫情,查找病原和传播原因,为今后预防和控制此类事件的发生提供科学依据。方法搜索病例,采取现场流行病学调查了解发病情况和可疑传播途径,采集病人肛拭子、呕吐物、水样等标本进行病原学检测。结果 2015年1月初某学校发生诺如病毒感染疫情,历时5 d,发病47例,经过流行病学调查和实验室检测,证实为Ⅱ型诺如病毒引起的感染性腹泻。结论本次疫情为Ⅱ型诺如病毒引起的胃肠道疾病暴发事件,经过积极采取消毒措施,及时控制了疫情。
Objective To investigate a school outbreak of gastrointestinal diseases, find out the cause of the disease and its causes, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of such incidents in the future. Methods The cases were searched, epidemiological investigation was conducted to understand the incidence and suspicious transmission routes, and samples of anal swabs, vomitus and water samples were collected for etiologic detection. Results In early January 2015, an outbreak of norovirus infection occurred in a school, which lasted for 5 days. The epidemic occurred in 47 cases. After epidemiological investigation and laboratory tests, it was confirmed as infectious diarrhea caused by norovirus Ⅱ. Conclusion The outbreak was an outbreak of gastrointestinal diseases caused by norovirus type Ⅱ. After taking disinfection measures actively, the outbreak was controlled in time.