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目的了解山西省饮水型氟中毒病区病情现状,评价防治措施的实施效果。方法按照国家监测方案在全省选择6个县(区),每个县(区)采用单纯随机抽样方法抽取3个病区村作为固定监测点,调查改水工程运行情况并测定水氟含量,对未改水的监测村进行水源水氟含量检测;在每个村采用氟斑牙诊断标准(WS/T 208-2011)检查全部8~12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况。结果已改水病区村改水降氟工程均以小型为主,且均能正常运转,水氟含量平均合格率69.20%;改水工程水氟含量合格的监测村,2013年儿童氟斑牙检出率已达到30.00%以下的病情控制标准;2013年临猗县(χ2=62.74)、太谷县(χ2=95.17)儿童氟斑牙检出率分别为14.38%、17.88%,与2009年相比差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),病情明显下降;改水工程水氟含量超标及未改水的监测村,儿童氟斑牙检出率超出30.00%的控制线,检出率最高可达69.23%。结论山西省监测村改水工程水氟含量合格,儿童氟斑牙病情已达到控制标准,水氟含量超标及未改水的监测村,儿童氟斑牙病情仍处于流行状态;今后应加强水质和病情监测,提高改水工程效益。
Objective To understand the status quo of drinking water fluorosis in Shanxi Province and to evaluate the effect of prevention and cure measures. Methods Six counties (districts) were selected in the province according to the national monitoring plan. Three sampling villages were selected as the fixed monitoring points in each county (district) to investigate the operation of the water diversion project and determine the water fluorine content. Fluoride detection of water source water was conducted in monitoring villages that did not change their water level; dental fluorosis diagnosis was performed in each village (WS / T 208-2011) to examine the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 8-12 years. Results The water-reducing and fluoride-reducing projects in villages that have been rehabilitated in water-deficient areas were all small in size and both were able to operate normally. The average qualified rate of fluorine in water was 69.20%. Monitoring villages with water-fluorine content in water diversion project and dental fluorosis The detection rate of the disease has reached 30.00%. The detection rates of dental fluorosis in Linqu County (χ2 = 62.74) and Taigu County (χ2 = 95.17) in 2013 were 14.38% and 17.88% respectively. Compared with 2009 Compared with the control group (P <0.05), the condition was significantly decreased; water fluoride project exceeded the water quality standards and did not change the water monitoring village, children with dental fluorosis detection rate exceeded 30.00% of the control line, the detection rate Up to 69.23%. Conclusion The fluorine content of water monitoring project in monitoring village of Shanxi Province is qualified. The condition of children with dental fluorosis has reached the control standard. The monitoring villages and children with dental fluorosis whose water fluoride content is over standard and water quality is not changed are still in a state of epidemic. Disease monitoring, improve water diversion project efficiency.