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古老的中国,素有“官国”之称,官国者,官本位之国也。元代有“一官、二吏、三僧、四道、五医、六工、七猪、八民、九儒、十丐”之说,颇能反映官在中国封建社会中的尊贵地位。清谚云,“升官发财”,道出了官与财的关系:要想发财,就要做官,官做得越大,财也就越多。清代法律中,官是享有特权的,官可以不与平民在公堂上对质,可以不亲自在法官面前答辩。
The ancient China, known as “official” said, official, official country as well. In the Yuan Dynasty there was a saying of “one officer, two officials, three monks, four doctors, five doctors, six workers, seven pigs, eight civilians, nine Confucianists and ten beggars” that quite reflect the official’s distinguished status in the feudal society in China. Clear saying cloud, “ascended the thrice into the rich,” tells the relationship between officials and money: to make a fortune, it is necessary to do the official, the greater the official, the more money. In the law of the Qing Dynasty, officials were privileged, and officials could not confront the civilians in court and could not defend themselves in the presence of a judge.