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目的:选育高产、优质、抗性强的蓬莪术新品种。方法:经过三轮系统选育获得高产、优质、抗性强的蓬莪术新品种:初选,通过搜集全国种质资源,从上千个单株中初选优良单株;选系,对预选的优良单株进行跟踪继续筛选研究,对其生物学特性、产量、挥发油含量、抗性着重考察,初选优良株系;品系比较试验,通过优良株系与当地生产用种进行品比试验和区域试验,选择优良品种进行申报。结果:蓬莪术新品种“川蓬1号”和当地主流品种相比较,根茎增产32.9%;块根增产22.7%;根茎及块根的内在品质如挥发油、浸出物的含量等均符合中国药典标准,根茎浸出物及挥发油含量分别高于对照品系15.60%和9.30%。结论:“川蓬1号”遗传性状稳定一致,与对照相比适应性强,稳定性好,产量高,内在品质优,安全性好,适宜在四川金马河流域栽培,可以继续建立高产优质示范基地,并进一步积极推广。
Objective: Breeding new high-yield, high-quality, resistant Curcuma new varieties. Methods: After three rounds of system selection to obtain high yield, high quality, strong resistance Curculigos new varieties: primaries, through the collection of national germplasm resources, primaries from thousands of single plant superior individual strains; Of the excellent single-track follow-up screening studies on its biological characteristics, yield, volatile oil content, resistance focus on primary selection of elite strains; comparative test of strains, through excellent strains and local production of species comparison test and Regional trials, select the best varieties to declare. Results: Compared with the local mainstream varieties, the new Curcuma species “Chuan Peng No. 1” increased rhizome yield by 32.9% and root mass increased by 22.7%. The intrinsic quality of rhizomes and tubers such as volatile oil and leachate all met the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia , Rhizome extracts and volatile oil contents were 15.60% and 9.30% higher than those of the control lines respectively. Conclusion: The genetic characters of “Chuan Pu 1” are stable and consistent, and are more adaptable and stable than the control, with high yield, excellent internal quality and good safety, and are suitable for cultivation in the Jinma River basin in Sichuan Province. Quality demonstration base, and further actively promote.