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在现代社会里,由于经济发展、科学进步、工业发达、人口剧增,人们之间的相互联系日益广泛和紧密。在这种情况下,某一侵权行为的发生,例如出售伪劣产品坑害消费者,污染环境造成公害以及其他灾难性事故等,受害者的人数往往少则百人,多则千人,甚至高达万人。如此众多的被害人,如果各自以独立的当事人身份一齐涌向法院,提出损害赔偿请求,法院显然是无法承受的。为了解决民事诉讼中这一难题,一种特殊的诉讼形式——群体诉讼,便在一些国家应运而生了。
In modern society, due to economic development, scientific progress, industrial development, population growth, people are increasingly interconnected and close. Under such circumstances, the incidence of a certain infringement, such as the sale of counterfeit products to consumers, polluting the environment and other catastrophic accidents, often ranges from as few as one hundred to as many as thousands or even up to ten thousand . If so many victims flock to the courts in their respective capacity as independent parties to file a claim for damages, the court obviously can not afford it. In order to solve this problem in civil litigation, a special form of litigation, group litigation, came into being in some countries.