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地球内部的结构,人类无法直接观察,到目前为至,关于地球内部的情况,主要来自对地震波的研究。当地震发生时,地下岩石受强烈冲击,产生弹性震动,并以横波和纵波的形式向四周传播,当通过不同状态的物质成分和不同密度的地球内部时,其波速就会发生变化。此外地震射线还会由直线变成曲线和折线。科学家通过分析研究,就可以推测地球内部构造和物质状态。 科学家在科拉半岛的深钻孔中发现了某些与传统地质观点相悖的现象,钻孔在被判定是“死区”的深层地段发现了317种微生物。一般认为,深度超过5km,便不会有铅镍矿藏,而钻探过程中,在6.5～9.5km深的地
The internal structure of the Earth cannot be directly observed by human beings. Until now, the internal conditions of the Earth have mainly come from the study of seismic waves. When an earthquake occurs, the underground rock is strongly impacted, generates elastic vibrations, and propagates in the form of shear waves and longitudinal waves. When passing through different states of matter components and different densities of the Earth, the wave speed changes. In addition, seismic rays also change from straight lines to curves and polylines. Through analysis and research, scientists can infer the internal structure and material state of the Earth. Scientists discovered some phenomena in the deep boreholes of the Kola peninsula that contradicted traditional geological views. The borehole discovered 317 microorganisms in deep zones that were judged to be “dead zones.” It is generally believed that if the depth is more than 5km, there will be no lead-nickel ore deposits, and in the drilling process, the depth is 6.5 to 9.5km.