论文部分内容阅读
目的调查分析艾滋病合并结核菌感染的状况,提高对艾滋病合并结核菌感染的认识,探讨艾滋病与结核病的相关性。方法收集近几年本县和周边地县的55例艾滋病患者的相关资料并进行回顾性分析。结果①55例艾滋病患者中有8例发生结核菌感染,发病率14.5%,其中41例成人艾滋病患者中有6例合并结核,发病率14.6%;儿童艾滋病14例中有2例发生结核感染,发病率14.3%。②7例合并结核感染的患者,2例死亡,病死率25%,其中儿童、成人各死亡1例,儿童病死率高达50%。③临床分型:肺外结核2例,占25%,其中淋巴结核和结核性腹炎各1例;肺结核6例,占75%,其中粟粒性肺结核3例(37.5%),浸润性肺结核2例(25%),结核性脑膜炎1例(12.5%)。④有4例患者进行了CD4+细胞数目检测,在32~91个/μl之间,均<100个/μl,7例患者的结核菌素试验仅1例阳性。结论艾滋病合并结核感染的发病率大约15%左右,发生血行播散型肺结核和肺外结核多见,结核菌素试验阳性率低;结核病是引起艾滋病机会性感染和死亡的主要疾病,而CD4+细胞数目和功能低下可能是最主要的原因。
Objective To investigate and analyze the status of HIV / AIDS-TB infection, raise awareness of HIV / TB infection and explore the relationship between HIV / AIDS and tuberculosis. Methods The data of 55 HIV / AIDS patients in this county and surrounding counties in recent years were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results ① Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection occurred in 8 out of 55 AIDS patients, with a prevalence of 14.5%. Among them, 6 of 41 adults with AIDS were complicated with tuberculosis, with an incidence rate of 14.6%. Two out of 14 children with AIDS developed tuberculosis infection, Rate of 14.3%. ② In 7 patients with tuberculosis infection, 2 died and the case fatality rate was 25%. Among them, 1 died in children and adults, and the mortality rate in children was as high as 50%. Clinical classification: 2 cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, accounting for 25%, of which 1 case of lymph node tuberculosis and tuberculosis peritonitis; 6 cases of tuberculosis, accounting for 75%, of which 3 cases of miliary tuberculosis (37.5%), invasive tuberculosis 2 Cases (25%), tuberculous meningitis in 1 case (12.5%). ④ In 4 patients, the number of CD4 + cells was detected, ranging from 32 to 91 cells / μl, both <100 cells / μl. Only 1 patient was positive for tuberculin test in 7 patients. Conclusion The incidence of HIV / AIDS combined tuberculosis infection is about 15%. The occurrence of hematogenous disseminated tuberculosis and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis is more common, and the positive rate of tuberculin test is lower. Tuberculosis is a major disease causing opportunistic infections and death of AIDS. CD4 + The number and low function may be the main reason.