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本文介绍一种确定过坝势流的流量系数和自由表面的新方法。这一方法的主要特点是引进了一条三次型过渡线,它构成包括临界点在内的自由边界的一部分。采用过渡线后,寻找临界点的确切位置这一艰难工作就不必要了,而且通常在临界点处的计算不稳定性也消除了。并为最大流量Q的确定提供了一些理论依据。Q值的调整规律也给出了。过渡线方法的收敛情况是十分令人满意的。而且初始数据不必十分精确,而计算时间比其它方法要少得多,并且计算结果与实验数据吻合得很好。
This article presents a new method of determining the flow coefficient and free surface of a dam flow. The main feature of this approach is the introduction of a cubic transition that forms part of the free boundary, including the critical point. After the transitional line, the hard work of finding the exact location of the critical point is not necessary, and usually the computational instability at the critical point is also eliminated. And provides some theoretical basis for the determination of the maximum flow rate Q. Q value adjustment rules are also given. The convergence of the transitional method is quite satisfactory. Moreover, the initial data need not be very accurate, but the calculation time is much less than other methods, and the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data.