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prefer
vt. 更喜欢
prefer (sb) to do sth更喜欢（某人）做……
prefer to do sth rather than do sth宁可做……也不做……
prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth与……相比更喜欢……
He chose Spain, but personally I’d prefer to go to France. 他选择了西班牙，而我个人倒更愿意去法国。
Usually the boys prefer to play computer games rather than play basketball. 男孩子们通常喜欢玩电脑游戏，而不是打篮球。
Almost all the kids would prefer playing outdoors to staying quietly indoors. 几乎所有的孩子都更喜欢在户外玩耍，而不愿安静地呆在室内。
persuade
vt. 说服；劝说
persuade sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth说服某人做某事
persuade sb not to do sth = persuade sb out of doing sth说服某人不做某事
Fortunately, we persuaded him out of traveling alone around the world. 好在我们说服他放弃了独自一人周游世界的想法。
I’ve persuaded him to stop smoking by advising him many times. 通过多次劝告，我说服他戒了烟。
persuade sb to do sth表示成功地说服某人去做某事
advise sb to do sth表示建议某人去做某事，但并不一定成功
burst
vi. 爆裂；爆发
n. 突然爆裂；爆发
burst out laughing/crying/cheering突然大笑/哭/欢呼起来
burst into laughter/tears/cheers突然大笑/哭/欢呼起来
When she heard that her father had died in the accident, she burst out crying. 听到他的父亲在事故中去世，她大哭了起来。
On seeing Jay Chow appear on the stage, the audience burst into cheers. 一看见周杰伦出现在舞台上，听众们开始大声欢呼。
A bee appeared on Kate’s dress, and her sudden burst of cry scared us. 一只蜜蜂停在凯特的衣服上，她的尖叫把我们吓了一跳。
ruin
n. 废墟；毁灭
vt. 毁灭；使破产
in ruins成为废墟
ruin one’s hope/health/fame毁掉希望/健康/名誉
ruin oneself毁掉自己
The storm laid the village in ruins. 暴风雨使这个村子成为废墟。
You will ruin your chance of the job if you wear that shirt to the interview! 如果穿着那件衬衫去面试，你就会断送这份工作机会。
ruin多用于借喻中，主要强调毁灭的彻底性
destroy彻底毁坏以至于不能或很难修复，既可以指实体的毁坏，也可以用于抽象的东西，如名誉、努力等
damage遭到破坏，但可以修复
care
care about关心；忧虑；惦念
He doesn’ t care about anything we may say. 我们说什么他都不在乎。
He doesn’t care about other people at all; he only thinks of himself. 他一点也不关心别人，只想着自己。
care about关心；忧虑；惦念；
care for喜欢；照顾。
give
give in投降；屈服；让步；上交
He would rather die than give in. 他宁死不屈。
Please give your work in before Monday. 请在星期一之前把作业交上来。
give in to对……让步
give away赠送；泄露；出卖
give off散发出（光、热、气味等）
give out分发；用完；耗尽
give up放弃;戒掉；停止
at an end
结束；终结
Be patient! His speech will be at an end soon. 耐心点儿！他的演讲很快就结束了。
come to an end结束（作谓语）
bring sth to an end = put an end to sth （使）结束；终止
a (great) number of
许多；大量的
The theme park attracts a great number of visitors. 主题公园吸引了许多游客。
Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from countryside, work in the clothes industry. 目前，许多来自农村的妇女在服装厂工作。
a number of表示“许多；大量的”，后跟可数名词的复数，谓语动词用复数
the number of表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数
[【练习】]
1. After retirement, the old couple preferred to enjoy their life in the quiet countryside ______________(而不是生活在喧闹的城市).
2. ①Only you can ______________(说服他戒烟).
②He was putting on weight. I ______________(建议他锻炼身体)，but he just didn’t follow.
3. The moment she heard the news that her baby was lost, she ______________ (大哭起来).
4. The U.S. dropped another powerful atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan,______________（使这座城市变为废墟）. (leave)
5. He didn’t hear of the incident, nor______________(他关心) it.
6. As______________(他们俩都不愿让步), we had to stop the discussion.
7. The UN is to ______________an end to the dispute (争端) between the two countries. I’m sure the issue will______________an end soon.
A. come; put B. come to; bring
C. put; come D. bring; come to
8. The number of people invited______________fifty, but a number of them______________absent for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; was
C. was; were D. were; was
[【参考答案】]
1. rather than live in the noisy city
2. ①persuade him to give up smoking/persuade him into giving up smoking
②advised him to take exercise
3. burst out crying/burst into tears
4. leaving the city in ruins
5. did he care about
6. neither of them would give in
7. D
8. C
vt. 更喜欢
prefer (sb) to do sth更喜欢（某人）做……
prefer to do sth rather than do sth宁可做……也不做……
prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth与……相比更喜欢……
He chose Spain, but personally I’d prefer to go to France. 他选择了西班牙，而我个人倒更愿意去法国。
Usually the boys prefer to play computer games rather than play basketball. 男孩子们通常喜欢玩电脑游戏，而不是打篮球。
Almost all the kids would prefer playing outdoors to staying quietly indoors. 几乎所有的孩子都更喜欢在户外玩耍，而不愿安静地呆在室内。
persuade
vt. 说服；劝说
persuade sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth说服某人做某事
persuade sb not to do sth = persuade sb out of doing sth说服某人不做某事
Fortunately, we persuaded him out of traveling alone around the world. 好在我们说服他放弃了独自一人周游世界的想法。
I’ve persuaded him to stop smoking by advising him many times. 通过多次劝告，我说服他戒了烟。
persuade sb to do sth表示成功地说服某人去做某事
advise sb to do sth表示建议某人去做某事，但并不一定成功
burst
vi. 爆裂；爆发
n. 突然爆裂；爆发
burst out laughing/crying/cheering突然大笑/哭/欢呼起来
burst into laughter/tears/cheers突然大笑/哭/欢呼起来
When she heard that her father had died in the accident, she burst out crying. 听到他的父亲在事故中去世，她大哭了起来。
On seeing Jay Chow appear on the stage, the audience burst into cheers. 一看见周杰伦出现在舞台上，听众们开始大声欢呼。
A bee appeared on Kate’s dress, and her sudden burst of cry scared us. 一只蜜蜂停在凯特的衣服上，她的尖叫把我们吓了一跳。
ruin
n. 废墟；毁灭
vt. 毁灭；使破产
in ruins成为废墟
ruin one’s hope/health/fame毁掉希望/健康/名誉
ruin oneself毁掉自己
The storm laid the village in ruins. 暴风雨使这个村子成为废墟。
You will ruin your chance of the job if you wear that shirt to the interview! 如果穿着那件衬衫去面试，你就会断送这份工作机会。
ruin多用于借喻中，主要强调毁灭的彻底性
destroy彻底毁坏以至于不能或很难修复，既可以指实体的毁坏，也可以用于抽象的东西，如名誉、努力等
damage遭到破坏，但可以修复
care
care about关心；忧虑；惦念
He doesn’ t care about anything we may say. 我们说什么他都不在乎。
He doesn’t care about other people at all; he only thinks of himself. 他一点也不关心别人，只想着自己。
care about关心；忧虑；惦念；
care for喜欢；照顾。
give
give in投降；屈服；让步；上交
He would rather die than give in. 他宁死不屈。
Please give your work in before Monday. 请在星期一之前把作业交上来。
give in to对……让步
give away赠送；泄露；出卖
give off散发出（光、热、气味等）
give out分发；用完；耗尽
give up放弃;戒掉；停止
at an end
结束；终结
Be patient! His speech will be at an end soon. 耐心点儿！他的演讲很快就结束了。
come to an end结束（作谓语）
bring sth to an end = put an end to sth （使）结束；终止
a (great) number of
许多；大量的
The theme park attracts a great number of visitors. 主题公园吸引了许多游客。
Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from countryside, work in the clothes industry. 目前，许多来自农村的妇女在服装厂工作。
a number of表示“许多；大量的”，后跟可数名词的复数，谓语动词用复数
the number of表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数
[【练习】]
1. After retirement, the old couple preferred to enjoy their life in the quiet countryside ______________(而不是生活在喧闹的城市).
2. ①Only you can ______________(说服他戒烟).
②He was putting on weight. I ______________(建议他锻炼身体)，but he just didn’t follow.
3. The moment she heard the news that her baby was lost, she ______________ (大哭起来).
4. The U.S. dropped another powerful atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan,______________（使这座城市变为废墟）. (leave)
5. He didn’t hear of the incident, nor______________(他关心) it.
6. As______________(他们俩都不愿让步), we had to stop the discussion.
7. The UN is to ______________an end to the dispute (争端) between the two countries. I’m sure the issue will______________an end soon.
A. come; put B. come to; bring
C. put; come D. bring; come to
8. The number of people invited______________fifty, but a number of them______________absent for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; was
C. was; were D. were; was
[【参考答案】]
1. rather than live in the noisy city
2. ①persuade him to give up smoking/persuade him into giving up smoking
②advised him to take exercise
3. burst out crying/burst into tears
4. leaving the city in ruins
5. did he care about
6. neither of them would give in
7. D
8. C