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硫酸肝素蛋白多糖广泛分布于动物组织的细胞膜和细胞外基质,对于机体发育和维持生理平衡至关重要.聚糖链硫酸肝素特有的分子结构使得这类大分子复合物具有多种生物功能,这些功能主要通过与蛋白质配体的结合实现.细胞表面的硫酸肝素蛋白多糖介导多种细胞活性因子与其受体的结合,参与信号转导的过程.硫酸肝素蛋白多糖也是细胞间质的重要组成部分,与胶原蛋白一起维持间质结构的稳定.肝素酶通过降解硫酸肝素从而调节细胞因子的活性和细胞间质的微环境.因此,揭示硫酸肝素的分子结构及其功能是生物学的一个重要研究方向.然而,由于硫酸肝素结构复杂,且不均一,使得这个领域的研究发展相对缓慢.不过,随着分析手段的提高和完善,国际上对于硫酸肝素结构与功能的报道迅速增加,同时国内对于硫酸肝素的研究也逐步受到重视.关于硫酸肝素的生理功能最近已有几篇比较全面的综述.此综述主要介绍硫酸肝素在病变中的作用,旨在探讨利用硫酸肝素和肝素酶作为靶标,研发预防和治疗这些疾病药物的可能性.
Heparin sulfate proteoglycans are widely distributed in the cell membrane and extracellular matrix of animal tissues and are crucial for the development of the body and maintenance of physiological balance.The unique molecular structure of polysaccharide sulfate heparin allows such macromolecular complexes to have a variety of biological functions, Function mainly through the combination of protein ligand achieved.Heparin sulfate cell surface proteoglycan mediated a variety of cell activity factor and its receptor binding, involved in the process of signal transduction.HP proteoglycan is also an important part of the intercellular substance , Together with collagen to maintain the stability of the interstitial structure.Helinase through the degradation of heparin sulfate to regulate the activity of cytokines and the interstitial microenvironment.Therefore, revealing the molecular structure of heparin sulfate and its function is an important biological However, due to the complex and heterogeneous structure of heparin sulfate, the research in this field is relatively slow, however, with the improvement and improvement of analytical methods, the international reports of the structure and function of heparin sulfate have been rapidly increasing, For the study of heparin sulfate has also been gradually paid attention to the physiology of heparin sulfate This review focuses on the role of heparin sulphate in lesions and aims to explore the possibility of using heparin sulfate and heparanase as targets for the development of agents for the prevention and treatment of these diseases.