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本文主要对沈家煊先生的“汉语名动形层层包含”的词类观加以评论,指出该观点符合事物分类的“层级性原则”。但对解决动词形容词“名物化”问题的争论实际并没有给出解决的新方案。文章陈述了理由,指出了沈先生“汉语动名包含”之说存在的根本问题。文章在进一步对比分析了汉语和印欧语的词类状况,指出动词、形容词跑到主宾语位置上不能看作是汉语的特点,汉语的特点主要表现在大量的零派生和大量的省略上,这也才是在词类问题上汉语和印欧语真正的不同之处。
This article mainly comments on the part of Shen Jiajian’s part-of-speech conception of “Chinese-type dynamic inclusion” and points out that this viewpoint is consistent with the “principle of hierarchy” of the classification of things. However, there is no new solution to the controversy over the issue of verb adjective “nominalization ”. The article states the reasons and points out the fundamental problem of Mr. Shen’s “inclusion of Chinese naming”. The article further analyzes the Chinese and Indo-European parts of speech, and points out that the verbs and adjectives can not be regarded as Chinese when they run to the main object. The characteristics of Chinese mainly appear in a large number of zero derivatives and a large number of omissions It is also the real difference between Chinese and Indo-European on the part of speech.