The rust red flour beetle,Tribolium castaneum (Herbst,1797) (Coleoptera:Tenebrionidae),is a pest of stored grain and one of the most studied insect model specie
Malpighian tubules (MTs) are usually considered the key excretory and osmoregulatory organs of insects.However,increasing evidence has suggested that MTs perfor
An intelligent machine is the earnest aspiration of people. From the point of view to construct an intelligent machine with self-monitoring and self-diagnosis a
NEDD8 conjugation of Cullin has an important role in ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation.The COP9 signalosome,of which CSN5 is the major catalytic subunit,is