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目的：建立一种化学发光测定全血超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）的新方法，探讨临床ＳＯＤ活力变化及ＳＯＤ在血液透析疗法延缓肾衰中的作用。方法：根据ＳＯＤ抑制超氧阴离子（Ｏ２－·，黄嘌呤一黄嘌呤氧化酶体系生成）诱导的海萤萤光素（ＣＬＡ，２－Ｍｅｔｈｙｌ－６－ｐｈｅｎｙｌ－３，７－ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏｉｍｉｄａｚｏ－［１，２－α］ｐｙｒａｚｉｎｅ－３－ｏｎｅ）化学发光程度测定ＳＯＤ活力。共检测正常组５０例，病理组２０５例，血液透析组２８例。结果：（１）血浆ＳＯＤ：糖尿病、慢性肾功能不全与正常组间ｔ检验均有显著差异，高血压、ＳＬＥ、尿毒症与正常组间ｔ检验均有高度显著差异，胆囊炎、慢性肾炎与正常组间均无显著差异。（２）红细胞ＳＯＤ：除ＳＬＥ与正常组间ｔ检验有显著差异外，余均无显著差异。（３）血液透析前后血浆及红细胞ＳＯＤ：透析前与透析后有高度显著差异。结论：（１）血浆ＳＯＤ可反映临床病人体内抗氧自由基水平，而红细胞ＳＯＤ测定临床意义不大。（２）血液透析疗法可激活体内抗氧自由基活性，消除体内过多的氧自由基，减轻氧自由基对人体造成进一步损害，以达到延缓肾衰的治疗目的。
OBJECTIVE: To establish a new chemiluminescence method for the determination of whole blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) and to explore the clinical changes of SOD activity and the role of SOD in renal failure induced by hemodialysis. Methods: According to the effects of superoxide anion (O2- ·, xanthine-xanthine oxidase system) induced by SOD on the expression of 2-Methyl-6-phenyl-3,7-dihydroimidazo- [ 2-α] pyrazine-3-one) to determine the degree of chemiluminescence. A total of 50 cases of normal control group, pathological group of 205 cases, hemodialysis group of 28 cases. Results: (1) Plasma SOD: There was significant difference between t-test of diabetes, chronic renal insufficiency and normal group. There was highly significant difference between t-test of hypertension, SLE, uremia and normal group. Cholecystitis, chronic nephritis and There was no significant difference between normal groups. (2) Erythrocyte SOD: There was no significant difference except t-test between SLE and normal group. (3) before and after hemodialysis plasma and erythrocyte SOD: before dialysis and after dialysis were highly significant differences. Conclusions: (1) Plasma SOD can reflect the level of antioxidant free radicals in clinical patients, but the clinical significance of SOD in erythrocytes is not significant. (2) hemodialysis therapy can activate the antioxidant activity of the body in vivo, eliminate excessive oxygen free radicals, reduce oxygen free radicals cause further damage to the human body in order to achieve the purpose of treatment to delay renal failure.