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苹果蚜化防效果低的原因及对策苹果蚜（ＡｐｎｉｓＰｏｍｉＤｅＧｅｅｒ）别名苹果黄蚜，是危害果树主要害虫之一，尤其在苗圃及幼树发生普遍，危害更为严重。苹果蚜群集叶背及嫩梢为害，对果树新梢生长及树体发育、花芽分化均有很大影响。近年来，我区果农一直用化防来控制苹果蚜的危害，但未能得到满意的效果。为此，我们对苹果蚜化防效果差的原因做了有关的调查，为制定提高防效措施，提供了科学依据。１苹果蚜化防效果低的原因。通过调查，发现导致化学防治效果低的原因很多，主要是：１．１农药选择不当。有些果农缺乏昆虫、农药方面的知识，用胃毒剂防治苹果蚜的危害，药不对症。这是化防不能收效的原因之一。１．２长期使用同一种农药。果农在进行化学防治时，发现某种农药防效好，就长期使用这种农药，而不采用轮换药剂种类的方法，而使苹果蚜产生抗性或使抗药性增强，结果再用原用农药的常规剂量就难以达到理想的防治效果。１．３农药剂量偏低。由于苹果蚜防治一直采用化防，蚜虫的抗药性增强。加之市场有不合格的低劣农药销售，果农仍然使用常规剂量时便难以防除苹果蚜。我们于１９９３年７月在鄂前旗果品开发实业总公司果园进行常用防蚜农药常规剂量药效试验表明：用常规剂量防治苹果蚜的效
Apple aphid low prevention and control of the reasons Apple aphid (ApnisPomiDeGeer) alias apple aphid, is one of the major pests of fruit trees, especially in nurseries and saplings common, more serious harm. Apple aphid cluster leaf back and shoot damage, the growth of new shoots and tree development, flower bud differentiation have a great impact. In recent years, fruit farmers in our region have been using chemical defense to control the harm of apple aphids, but failed to get satisfactory results. For this reason, we made a related investigation on the causes of the poor control effect of apple aphids, and provided a scientific basis for formulating measures to improve prevention and control. 1 Apple aphid low prevention effect of the reasons. Through the investigation found that lead to low chemical control effect for many reasons, mainly: 1.1 Improper selection of pesticides. Some farmers lack the knowledge of insects, pesticides, with the stomach poison to prevent the harm of apple aphids, medicine is not right. This is one of the reasons why the defense can not be effective. 1.2 long-term use of the same pesticide. In the course of chemical control, fruit growers found that some pesticides have good anti-pesticide effect and long-term use of such pesticides instead of the method of changing pesticide species, which results in the resistance of the apple aphid or the enhancement of drug resistance. As a result, The conventional dose is difficult to achieve the desired effect of prevention and treatment. 1.3 low dose of pesticides. As the apple aphid control has been used anti-aphid, aphid resistance increased. Coupled with the market unqualified sales of inferior pesticides, farmers are still difficult to control with conventional doses of apple aphids. We in 1993 July in Hubei before the flag Fruit Industry Development Corporation fruit orchard common anti-aphids pesticide conventional dose-response test showed that: with the conventional dose of apple aphid control effect