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现介绍一种简单易做的用箔片验电器(即金箔验电器)来探测放射线的实验.在商店买一个汽灯纱罩,用火烧后将它研成粉末(或用烧坏的汽灯纱罩研成粉末),再用胶水将粉末粘成一个直径几毫米的小球插在一根小棍上做成一个放射源.因为汽灯纱罩是用浸过硝酸钍的宁麻做的,烧后的灰烬含有放射性的二氧化钍.当用绸子摩擦过的玻璃棒接触箔片验电器后,验电器的箔片国带有正电而张开,再把自制的放射源靠近验电器,会看见验电器张开的箔片很快落下.这是什么原因呢?最初箔片的下落是由于验电器和放射源组
An easy-to-use experiment using foil detectors (ie, gold foil electroscopes) to detect radiation is presented. Buy a gas lamp gauze in a store and burn it to a powder (or use a burned gas lamp gauze) The powder) is then glued to stick the powder into a small ball with a diameter of several millimeters and inserted on a stick to make a radioactive source. Because the gas lamp cover is made of nitrocellulose impregnated with bismuth nitrate, the burned ash contains Radioactive thorium dioxide. When a glass rod that has been rubbed with silk touches the foil electroscope, the foil country of the electroscope has positive electricity and opens. Then the homemade radioactive source is near the electroscope and the electroscope will be seen. The foil was quickly dropped. What is the reason? The initial drop of the foil was due to the electroscope and the radioactive source group.